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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:start [2021/04/09 14:37] – kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:start [2024/11/06 14:47] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ==== Activity Data ==== ==== Activity Data ====
  
-Primary fuel deliveries data for the entire navigation sector (maritime and inland waterways) is included in lines 6 ('International Maritime Bunkers') and 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') of the National Energy Balance (NEB) (AGEB, 2020) [(AGEB2020)]. (For comparison, official mineral-oil data of the Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA, 2020) [(BAFA2020)] and sales data of the German Petroleum Industry Association (MWV, 2020) [(MWV20920)] are used, too.)+Primary fuel deliveries data for the entire navigation sector (maritime and inland waterways) is included in lines 6 ('International Maritime Bunkers') and 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') of the National Energy Balance (NEB) (AGEB, 2021) [(AGEB2021)]. (For comparison, official mineral-oil data of the Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA, 2021) [(BAFA2021)] are used, too.)
  
 Data on the consumption of //biodiesel// is provided in NEB line 64 from 2004 onward. However, as this data appears to be rather inconsistent, the consumption of biofuels is calculated within TREMOD via the official annual blending rates. Data on the consumption of //biodiesel// is provided in NEB line 64 from 2004 onward. However, as this data appears to be rather inconsistent, the consumption of biofuels is calculated within TREMOD via the official annual blending rates.
  
 __Table 1: Primary fuel deliveries as listed in the National Energy Balance, in terajoules__ __Table 1: Primary fuel deliveries as listed in the National Energy Balance, in terajoules__
-|                                                                                    |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  | **2019**  | +|                                                                                    |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  |  **2019**  |  **2020**  | 
-| **NEB line 6 - Maritime Bunkers ('Hochseebunkerungen')**                                                                                                                                                                                       ||||||||||||||           | +| **NEB line 6 - Maritime Bunkers ('Hochseebunkerungen')**                                                                                                                                                                                       ||||||||||||||            |            | 
-^ Diesel / Light heating oil                                                         |     23,336 |     20,426 |     21,542 |     18,636 |     22,483 |     21,046 |     18,617 |     18,333 |     20,898 |     43,376 |     42,606 |     36,872 |     31,406 |           | +^ Diesel / Light heating oil                                                         |     23,336 |     20,426 |     21,542 |     18,636 |     22,483 |     21,046 |     18,617 |     18,333 |     20,898 |     43,376 |     42,606 |     36,872 |     31,406 |     30,214 |     22,789 | 
-^ Heavy fuel oil                                                                     |     80,230 |     64,382 |     69,578 |     85,370 |     93,063 |     92,649 |     87,595 |     77,754 |     73,729 |     57,900 |     74,844 |     58,788 |     39,570 |           | +^ Heavy fuel oil                                                                     |     80,230 |     64,382 |     69,578 |     85,370 |     93,063 |     92,649 |     87,595 |     77,754 |     73,729 |     57,900 |     74,844 |     58,788 |     39,570 |     26,959 |     32,622 | 
-| **NEB line 64 - Coastal and Inland Navigation ('Küsten- und Binnenschifffahrt')**                                                                                                                                                              ||||||||||||||           | +| **NEB line 64 - Coastal and Inland Navigation ('Küsten- und Binnenschifffahrt')**                                                                                                                                                                          |||||||||||||||            | 
-^ Diesel oil                                                                         |     27,710 |     23,562 |     11,864 |     12,831 |     11,182 |     12,050 |     11,322 |     11,635 |     12,112 |     13,321 |     11,131 |     10,150 |      9,383 |           | +^ Diesel oil                                                                         |     27,710 |     23,562 |     11,864 |     12,831 |     11,182 |     12,050 |     11,322 |     11,635 |     12,112 |     13,321 |     11,131 |     10,150 |     10,619 |     11,259 |     10,078 | 
-^ Biodiesel                                                                          |          0 |          0 |          0 |        281 |        725 |        790 |        739 |        674 |        734 |        720 |        481 |        538 |        542 |           | +| **TOTAL Navigation**                                                               ^  131,276   ^  108,370   ^  102,984   ^  116,837   ^  126,728   ^  125,745   ^  117,534   ^  107,722   ^  106,739   ^  114,597   ^  128,581   ^  105,81    ^  81,595    ^     68,432 ^     65,489 ^ 
-|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ||||||||||||||           | +source: National Energy Balances [(AGEB2021)]
-| **TOTAL Navigation**                                                               ^  131,276   ^  108,370   ^  102,984   ^  117,118   ^  127,453   ^  126,535   ^  118,273   ^  108,396   ^  107,473   ^  115,317   ^  129,062   ^  106,348   ^  80,901    |           | +
-source: National Energy Balances [(AGEB2020)]+
  
 As the statistical allocation of fuels delivered to the navigation (shipping) sector follows tax aspects, NEB line 6 ('International Maritime Bunkers') includes all fuel deliveries to IMO-registered ship involved in both national and international maritime activities. On the other hand, NEB line 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') includes all fuel deliveries to ship involved in inland and non-IMO maritime navigation. As the statistical allocation of fuels delivered to the navigation (shipping) sector follows tax aspects, NEB line 6 ('International Maritime Bunkers') includes all fuel deliveries to IMO-registered ship involved in both national and international maritime activities. On the other hand, NEB line 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') includes all fuel deliveries to ship involved in inland and non-IMO maritime navigation.
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 **Estimating the tier1 activity data for International maritime navigation:** **Estimating the tier1 activity data for International maritime navigation:**
  
-<WRAP left round info 50%> +| <WRAP left round info 100%>  AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> = PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub>  - AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub>  </WRAP>  | with \\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> - tier1 activity data for International maritime navigation\\   * PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - primary over-all fuel deliveries data from NEB line 6 - 'International Maritime Bunkers'\\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national maritime navigation\\   * AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national fishing\\   * AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in military navigation  |
-AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> = PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub>  - AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub> +
-</WRAP> +
- +
-\\ +
-  +
-with  +
-  * AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> - tier1 activity data for International maritime navigation +
-  * PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - primary over-all fuel deliveries data from NEB line 6 - 'International Maritime Bunkers' +
-  * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national maritime navigation +
-  * AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national fishing +
-  * AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in military navigation+
  
 **Estimating the tier1 activity data for National inland navigation:** **Estimating the tier1 activity data for National inland navigation:**
  
-<WRAP left round info 50%> 
-AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (b)</sub> = PAD<sub>NEB line 64</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - non-IMO</sub>  - AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - non-IMO</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - non-IMO</sub> 
-</WRAP> 
  
-\\+| <WRAP left round info 100%>    AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (b)</sub> = PAD<sub>NEB line 64</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - non-IMO</sub>  - AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - non-IMO</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - non-IMO</sub>\\   </WRAP>  | with \\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (b)</sub> - tier1 activity data for National inland navigation\\   * PAD<sub>NEB line 64</sub> - primary over-all fuel deliveries data from NEB line 64 - 'Coastal and Inland Navigation'\\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for non-IMO ships involved in national maritime navigation\\   * AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii -non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for for non-IMO ships involved in national fishing\\   * AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for for non-IMO ships involved in military navigation  |
  
-with  
-  * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (b)</sub> - tier1 activity data for National inland navigation 
-  * PAD<sub>NEB line 64</sub> - primary over-all fuel deliveries data from NEB line 64 - 'Coastal and Inland Navigation' 
-  * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for non-IMO ships involved in national maritime navigation 
-  * AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii -non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for for non-IMO ships involved in national fishing 
-  * AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - non-IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for for non-IMO ships involved in military navigation 
  
 __Table 3: Resulting breakdown of primary fuel deliveries onto the different navigation sub-sectors, in terajoules__ __Table 3: Resulting breakdown of primary fuel deliveries onto the different navigation sub-sectors, in terajoules__
-|| ||= **1990** ||= **1995** ||= **2000** ||= **2004** ||= **2005** ||= **2006** ||= **2007** ||= **2008** ||= **2009** ||= **2010** ||= **2011** ||= **2012** ||= **2013** ||= **2014** ||= **2015** ||= **2016** ||= **2017** ||= **2018** ||= +|                                                    |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  |  **2019**  |  **2020**  | 
-||= **Navigation TOTAL** ||~ 131,276 ||~ 108,370 ||~ 102,984 ||~ 122,716 ||~ 117,138 ||~ 119,172 ||~ 140,173 ||~ 134,800 ||~ 125,238 ||~ 127,453 ||~ 126,549 ||~ 118,274 ||~ 108,396 ||~ 107,473 ||~ 115,317 ||~ 129,062 ||~ 106,348 ||~ 80,901 ||= +|  **Navigation TOTAL**                              ^  131,276   ^    108,370 ^  102,984   ^  116,837   ^  126,728   ^  125,745   ^  117,534   ^  107,722   ^  106,739   ^    114,597 ^  128,581   ^  105,81    ^  81,595    ^  68,432    ^     65,489 ^ 
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< ||= +|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||||| 
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< **1.A.3.d i - International maritime navigation** ||= +| **1.A.3.d i - International maritime navigation**                                                                                                                                                                                      |||||||||||||||| 
-||~ Diesel oil / Light heating oil ||> 12,748 ||> 12,919 ||> 13,664 ||> 11,513 ||> 11,993 ||> 15,817 ||> 17,524 ||> 13,105 ||> 14,412 ||> 16,662 ||> 15,370 ||> 12,594 ||> 12,414 ||> 13,674 ||> 33,088 ||> 28,093 ||> 22,924 ||> 15,419 ||= +^ Diesel oil / Light heating oil                     |     13.162 |     13.096 |     13.709 |     11.820 |     16.417 |     15.020 |     12.181 |     11.875 |     13.801 |     33.958 |     32.832 |     27.463 |     21.473 |     20.231 |     13.896 | 
-||~ Heavy fuel oil ||> 68,484 ||> 56,323 ||> 60,984 ||> 83,935 ||> 78,182 ||> 78,257 ||> 96,625 ||> 96,017 ||> 85,865 ||> 86,934 ||> 86,687 ||> 81,171 ||> 71,364 ||> 67,670 ||> 57,850 ||> 74,837 ||> 58,781 ||> 39,287 ||= +^ Heavy fuel oil                                     |     76.942 |     62.066 |     67.080 |     83.224 |     91.169 |     90.779 |     85.586 |     75.559 |     71.598 |     57.792 |     74.807 |     58.707 |     39.308 |     26.565 |     32.253 | 
-||~ Biodiesel ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= +| **1.A.3.d ii (a) - National maritime navigation**                                                                                                                                                                                      |||||||||||||||| 
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< **1.A.3.d ii (a) - National maritime navigation** ||= +^ Diesel oil / Light heating oil                     |      9.484 |      6.828 |      7.367 |      6.399 |      5.690 |      5.669 |      6.089 |      6.133 |      6.766 |      8.980 |      9.335 |      8.960 |      9.445 |      9.497 |      8.339 | 
-||~ Diesel oil / Light heating oil ||> 15,940 ||> 11,258 ||> 11,860 ||> 11,231 ||> 9,962 ||> 9,845 ||> 10,395 ||> 10,834 ||> 9,486 ||> 8,685 ||> 8,489 ||> 9,046 ||> 9,047 ||> 9,965 ||> 13,359 ||> 16,295 ||> 15,221 ||> 15,856 ||= +^ Heavy fuel oil                                     |      3.103 |      2.186 |      2.382 |      2.054 |      1.810 |      1.790 |      1.932 |      2.134 |      2.057 |        108 |         37 |         81 |        262 |        394 |        368 | 
-||~ Heavy fuel oil ||> 11,723 ||> 8,041 ||> 8,577 ||> 8,069 ||> 7,172 ||> 7,004 ||> 7,425 ||> 7,797 ||> 6,733 ||> 6,114 ||> 5,961 ||> 6,410 ||> 6,376 ||> 6,046 ||> 50 ||> 7 ||> 7 ||> 283 ||= +| **1.A.3.d ii (b) - National inland navigation**                                                                                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||||| 
-||~ Biodiesel ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||> 35 ||> 79 ||> 104 ||> 169 ||> 195 ||> 238 ||> 205 ||> 202 ||> 215 ||> 192 ||> 210 ||> 167 ||> 146 ||> 134 ||> 135 ||= +^ Diesel oil                                         |     27.716 |     23.562 |     11.864 |     12.851 |     11.182 |     12.050 |     11.322 |     11.635 |     12.112 |     13.321 |     11.131 |     10.150 |     10.619 |     11.259 |     10.078 | 
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< **1.A.3.d ii (b) - National inland navigation** ||= +| **1.A.4.c iii - Fishing**                                                                                                                                                                                                              |||||||||||||||| 
-||~ Diesel oil ||> 20,664 ||> 18,597 ||> 6,788 ||> 6,921 ||> 8,634 ||> 7,050 ||> 6,836 ||> 5,683 ||> 7,129 ||> 7,497 ||> 8,466 ||> 7,556 ||> 7,777 ||> 8,567 ||> 9,422 ||> 7,873 ||> 7,179 ||> 6,636 ||= +^ Diesel oil / Light heating oil                     |        305 |        240 |        238 |        226 |        227 |        213 |        209 |        214 |        227 |        284 |        298 |        293 |        356 |        322 |        359 | 
-||~ Heavy fuel oil ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= +^ Heavy fuel oil                                     |         33 |         26 |         26 |         24 |         24 |         23 |         23 |         17 |         14 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 | 
-||~ Biodiesel ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||> 60 ||> 189 ||> 205 ||> 305 ||> 281 ||> 491 ||> 486 ||> 555 ||> 493 ||> 454 ||> 495 ||> 530 ||> 315 ||> 385 ||> 388 ||= +| **1.A.5.b iii - Military navigation**                                                                                                                                                                                                  |||||||||||||||| 
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< **1.A.4.c iii - Fishing** ||= +^ Diesel oil / Light heating oil                     |        380 |        263 |        228 |        171 |        150 |        144 |        138 |        111 |        104 |        154 |        141 |        156 |        133 |        164 |        195 | 
-||~ Diesel oil / Light heating oil ||> 711 ||> 549 ||> 531 ||> 500 ||> 488 ||> 474 ||> 486 ||> 484 ||> 482 ||> 473 ||> 442 ||> 431 ||> 429 ||> 472 ||> 555 ||> 1,117 ||> 1,208 ||> 2,455 ||= +^ Heavy fuel oil                                     |        152 |        104 |         90 |         67 |         59 |         56 |         54 |         44 |         61 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 |          0 |
-||~ Heavy fuel oil ||> 24 ||> 18 ||> 18 ||> 17 ||> 16 ||> 16 ||> 16 ||> 16 ||> 16 ||> 16 ||> 15 ||> 14 ||> 14 ||> 13 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||= +
-||~ Biodiesel ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= 2 ||= 4 ||= 5 ||= 8 ||= 9 ||= 13 ||= 12 ||= 11 ||= 11 ||= 10 ||= 10 ||= 10 ||= 8 ||= 8 ||= 8 ||= +
-||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||< **1.A.5.b iii - Military navigation** ||= +
-||~ Diesel oil / Light heating oil ||> 983 ||> 665 ||> 563 ||> 431 ||> 410 ||> 383 ||> 366 ||> 360 ||> 349 ||> 347 ||> 330 ||> 313 ||> 302 ||> 332 ||> 273 ||> 359 ||> 489 ||> 423 ||= +
-||~ Heavy fuel oil ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||= +
-||~ Biodiesel ||= NO ||= NO ||= NO ||> 4 ||> 9 ||> 11 ||> 16 ||> 18 ||> 24 ||> 22 ||> 21 ||> 20 ||> 18 ||> 19 ||> 14 ||> 11 ||> 11 ||> 11 ||= +
- +
-> For information on specific fuel consumption data for the covered areas of navigation, please refer to the sub-chapters linked above.+
  
 ==== Emission factors ==== ==== Emission factors ====
  
-Annual country-specific emission factors have been developed within the underlying models maintained at the ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Knörr et al. (2020a): TREMOD) [(KNOERR2020a)] and the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (Deichnik (2020): BSH model) [(DEICHNIK2020)].+Annual country-specific emission factors have been developed within the underlying models maintained at the ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Knörr et al. (2021a): TREMOD) [(KNOERR2021a)] and the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (Deichnik (2021): BSH model) [(DEICHNIK2021)].
  
-> For information on these country-specific emission factors, please refer to the sub-chapters linked above.+For information on these country-specific emission factors, please refer to the sub-chapters linked above.
  
 Furthermore, for heavy metal and POP emissions tier1 EF have been derived from the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019 mainly [(EMEPEEA2019)]. Furthermore, for heavy metal and POP emissions tier1 EF have been derived from the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019 mainly [(EMEPEEA2019)].
  
-> For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources and Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources.+<WRAP center round info 100%> 
 +For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources and Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources. 
 +</WRAP>
  
 Table 4 shows the tier1 emission factors for exhaust emissions of **heavy-metals** and **POPs** as applied to all navigation sub-categories in 1.A.3.d as well as NFRs 1.A.4.c iii and 1.A.5.b iii. Table 4 shows the tier1 emission factors for exhaust emissions of **heavy-metals** and **POPs** as applied to all navigation sub-categories in 1.A.3.d as well as NFRs 1.A.4.c iii and 1.A.5.b iii.
Line 129: Line 101:
 <sup>7</sup> tier1 value derived from [(RENTZ2008)] <sup>7</sup> tier1 value derived from [(RENTZ2008)]
  
-[(AGEB2020> AGEB, 2020: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; URL: http://www.ag-energiebilanzen.de/7-0-Bilanzen-1990-2018.html, (Aufruf: 29.11.2020), Köln & Berlin, 2020)] +[(AGEB2021> AGEB, 2021: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; URL: http://www.ag-energiebilanzen.de/7-0-Bilanzen-1990-2019.html, (Aufruf: 29.11.2021), Köln & Berlin, 2021)] 
-[(BAFA2020> BAFA, 2020: Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle, BAFA): Amtliche Mineralöldaten für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; +[(BAFA2021> BAFA, 2020: Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle, BAFA): Amtliche Mineralöldaten für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; 
-URL: https://www.bafa.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Energie/Mineraloel/moel_amtliche_daten_2018_dezember.html, Eschborn, 2020.)] +URL: https://www.bafa.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Energie/Mineraloel/moel_amtliche_daten_2019_dezember.html, Eschborn, 2021.)] 
-[(MWV2020> MWV (2020): Association of the German Petroleum Industry (Mineralölwirtschaftsverband, MWV): Annual Report 2018, page 65, Table 'Sektoraler Verbrauch von Dieselkraftstoff 2012-2018'; URL: https://www.mwv.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/MWV_Mineraloelwirtschaftsverband-e.V.-Jahresbericht-2020-Webversion.pdf, Berlin, 2020.)] +[(KNOERR2021a> Knörr et al. (2021a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: Energieverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland 1960-2035, sowie TREMOD, im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, Heidelberg & Berlin, 2021.)] 
-[(KNOERR2020a> Knörr et al. (2020a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: Energieverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland 1960-2035, sowie TREMOD, im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, Heidelberg & Berlin, 2020.)] +[(DEICHNIK2021> Deichnik (2021): Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH - Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency); Hamburg, 2021.)]
-[(DEICHNIK2020> Deichnik (2020): Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH - Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency); Hamburg, 2020.)]+
 [(EMEPEEA2019>EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2019, Copenhagen, 2019.)] [(EMEPEEA2019>EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2019, Copenhagen, 2019.)]
 [(RENTZ2008>Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )] [(RENTZ2008>Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )]
 [(KNOERR2009>Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; final report; URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/461/publikationen/3937.pdf, FKZ 360 16 023, Heidelberg & Zürich, 2009.)] [(KNOERR2009>Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; final report; URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/461/publikationen/3937.pdf, FKZ 360 16 023, Heidelberg & Zürich, 2009.)]