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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/03/22 09:21] – [Ammonia and sulphur dioxide] kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/03/22 12:00] – [Particulate matter & Black carbon] kotzulla | ||
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Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used. | Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used. | ||
- | __Table | + | __Table |
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===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ||
- | __Table: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__ | + | __Table |
| for: ^ NO< | | for: ^ NO< | ||
| by: | Level & Trend | | by: | Level & Trend | ||
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Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**, | Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**, | ||
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide==== | ==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide==== | ||
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Here, the strong dependence on increasing fuel qualities (sulphur content) leads to an cascaded downward trend of emissions , influenced only slightly by increases in fuel consumption and mileage. | Here, the strong dependence on increasing fuel qualities (sulphur content) leads to an cascaded downward trend of emissions , influenced only slightly by increases in fuel consumption and mileage. | ||
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
- | For **ammonia** emissions the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years. | + | For **ammonia** emissions, the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years. |
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
====Particulate matter & Black carbon==== | ====Particulate matter & Black carbon==== | ||
+ | |||
//(from fuel combustion only; no wear/ | //(from fuel combustion only; no wear/ | ||
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Due to this fuel-specific fractions, the trend of BC emissions reflects the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel (" | Due to this fuel-specific fractions, the trend of BC emissions reflects the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel (" | ||
- | {{ : | + | {{: |
- | __Table: EURO norms and their effect on limit values of PM emissions from diesel passenger cars__ | + | __Table |
^ exhaust emission standard (EURO norm) | **Euro 1** | **Euro 2** | ^ exhaust emission standard (EURO norm) | **Euro 1** | **Euro 2** | ||
| in force **for type approval** since: | | in force **for type approval** since: | ||
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<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates reported for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant-specific | + | For **pollutant-specific |
</ | </ | ||