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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/03/22 09:28] – kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/03/22 12:00] – [Non-methane volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide] kotzulla
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 Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used. Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used.
  
-__Table 3: tier1 emission factors__+__Table 2: tier1 emission factors__
 |                                       |  **Pb**   |  **Cd**  |  **Hg**  |  **As**  |  **Cr**  |  **Cu**  |  **Ni**  |  **Se**  |  **Zn**  |  **B[a]P**  |  **B[b]F**  |  **B[k]F**  |  **I[1,2,3-c,d]p**  |  **PAH 1-4**  |  **PCDD/F**  | |                                       |  **Pb**   |  **Cd**  |  **Hg**  |  **As**  |  **Cr**  |  **Cu**  |  **Ni**  |  **Se**  |  **Zn**  |  **B[a]P**  |  **B[b]F**  |  **B[k]F**  |  **I[1,2,3-c,d]p**  |  **PAH 1-4**  |  **PCDD/F**  |
 |                                       |   [g/TJ]                                                                                  |||||||||   [mg/TJ]                                                                 |||||  [µg/km]     | |                                       |   [g/TJ]                                                                                  |||||||||   [mg/TJ]                                                                 |||||  [µg/km]     |
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 ===== Discussion of emission trends ===== ===== Discussion of emission trends =====
  
-__Table: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__+__Table 3: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__
 |  for: ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ BC    ^  Pb   ^  PCDD/F  ^ |  for: ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ BC    ^  Pb   ^  PCDD/F  ^
 |   by: |  Level & Trend   |  L/T    |  L/T  |  L/T              |  L/T               |  L/T  |  L/T  |  L/-     | |   by: |  Level & Trend   |  L/T    |  L/T  |  L/T              |  L/T               |  L/T  |  L/T  |  L/-     |
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 Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**,  and **carbon monoxide** have decreased sharply due to catalytic-converter use and engine improvements resulting from ongoing tightening of emissions laws and improved fuel quality.  Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**,  and **carbon monoxide** have decreased sharply due to catalytic-converter use and engine improvements resulting from ongoing tightening of emissions laws and improved fuel quality. 
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nox.png?500|Annual nitrogen oxides emissions }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nox.png?700|Annual nitrogen oxides emissions }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nmvoc.png?500|Annual NMVOC emissions }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nmvoc.png?700|Annual NMVOC emissions }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_co.png?500|Annual carbon monoxide emissions }}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_co.png?700|Annual carbon monoxide emissions }}
  
 ==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide==== ==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide====
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 For **ammonia** emissions, the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years. For **ammonia** emissions, the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years.
  
-{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nh3.png?700| Annual ammonia emissions}}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nh3.png?700|Annual ammonia emissions}}