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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/02/09 13:00] – [Table] No longer KC for PCDD/F Dioxine (was Level) gniffkesector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:passenger_cars [2022/03/22 12:00] – [Recalculations] kotzulla
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 In sub-category //1.A.3.b i - Road transport: Passenger cars// emissions from fuel combustion in passenger cars (PCs) are reported.  In sub-category //1.A.3.b i - Road transport: Passenger cars// emissions from fuel combustion in passenger cars (PCs) are reported. 
  
-^ Category Code  ^  Method                                ||||^  AD                                    ||||^  EF                                       ||||| +^ Category Code  ^  Method                                                                           ||||^  AD                                           ||||^  EF                                     ||||| 
-| 1.A.3.b i      |  T1, T3                                |||||  NS, M                                 |||||  CS, M, D                                 ||||| +| 1.A.3.b i      |  T1, T3                                                                           |||||  NS, M                                        |||||  CS, M, D                               ||||| 
-^  Key Category  ^  SO₂     ^  NOₓ  ^  NH₃  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  TSP    ^  PM₁₀  ^  PM₂.₅  ^ BC    ^  Pb   ^  Hg        ^  Cd   ^  PCDD/F  ^  PAH  ^  HCB  ^ +^                ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC   ^ CO    ^  PB   ^  Cd        ^  Hg   ^  Diox  ^  PAH  ^  HCB  ^ 
-| 1.A.3.b i      |  -/-     |  L/T  |  -/-  |  L/T    |  L/T  | -/-     |  L/T   |  L/T    |  L/T  |  L/T  |  -/-       |  -/-  |  -/-     |  -/-  |  -    |+| Key Category:  |  L/T             |  L/T    |  -/-             |  -/-             |  L/T               | L/T               |  -/-  |  L/T  |  L/T  |  L/T  |  -/-       |  -/-  |  -/-   |  -/-  |  -    |
  
 ===== Methodology ===== ===== Methodology =====
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 Here, the following charts underline the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel-powered passenger cars, that started around 1999/2000. Here, the following charts underline the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel-powered passenger cars, that started around 1999/2000.
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad.png?700 }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad.png?700|Annual over-all energy input }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_Diesel.png?700 }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_Diesel.png?700|Annual energy input from diesel fuels }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_gasoline.png?700 }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_gasoline.png?700|Annual energy input from gasoline fuels }}
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_bio.png?700 }} +
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_ad_other.png?700 }}+
  
 <WRAP center round info 60%> <WRAP center round info 60%>
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 Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used. Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used.
  
-__Table 3: tier1 emission factors__+__Table 2: tier1 emission factors__
 |                                       |  **Pb**   |  **Cd**  |  **Hg**  |  **As**  |  **Cr**  |  **Cu**  |  **Ni**  |  **Se**  |  **Zn**  |  **B[a]P**  |  **B[b]F**  |  **B[k]F**  |  **I[1,2,3-c,d]p**  |  **PAH 1-4**  |  **PCDD/F**  | |                                       |  **Pb**   |  **Cd**  |  **Hg**  |  **As**  |  **Cr**  |  **Cu**  |  **Ni**  |  **Se**  |  **Zn**  |  **B[a]P**  |  **B[b]F**  |  **B[k]F**  |  **I[1,2,3-c,d]p**  |  **PAH 1-4**  |  **PCDD/F**  |
 |                                       |   [g/TJ]                                                                                  |||||||||   [mg/TJ]                                                                 |||||  [µg/km]     | |                                       |   [g/TJ]                                                                                  |||||||||   [mg/TJ]                                                                 |||||  [µg/km]     |
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 ===== Discussion of emission trends ===== ===== Discussion of emission trends =====
  
-__Table: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__+__Table 3: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__
 |  for: ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ BC    ^  Pb   ^  PCDD/F  ^ |  for: ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ BC    ^  Pb   ^  PCDD/F  ^
 |   by: |  Level & Trend   |  L/T    |  L/T  |  L/T              |  L/T               |  L/T  |  L/T  |  L/-     | |   by: |  Level & Trend   |  L/T    |  L/T  |  L/T              |  L/T               |  L/T  |  L/T  |  L/-     |
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 Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**,  and **carbon monoxide** have decreased sharply due to catalytic-converter use and engine improvements resulting from ongoing tightening of emissions laws and improved fuel quality.  Since 1990, exhaust emissions of **nitrogen oxides**, **NMVOC**,  and **carbon monoxide** have decreased sharply due to catalytic-converter use and engine improvements resulting from ongoing tightening of emissions laws and improved fuel quality. 
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nox.png?700 }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nox.png?700|Annual nitrogen oxides emissions }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nmvoc.png?700 }} +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nmvoc.png?700|Annual NMVOC emissions }} 
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_co.png?700 }}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_co.png?700|Annual carbon monoxide emissions }}
  
 ==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide==== ==== Ammonia and sulphur dioxide====
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 Here, the strong dependence on increasing fuel qualities (sulphur content) leads to an cascaded downward trend of emissions , influenced only slightly by increases in fuel consumption and mileage.  Here, the strong dependence on increasing fuel qualities (sulphur content) leads to an cascaded downward trend of emissions , influenced only slightly by increases in fuel consumption and mileage. 
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_so2.png?700 }}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_so2.png?700|Annual sulphur oxides emissions}}
  
-For **ammonia** emissions the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years.+For **ammonia** emissions, the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years.
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nh3.png?700 }}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_nh3.png?700|Annual ammonia emissions}}
  
  
 ====Particulate matter & Black carbon==== ====Particulate matter & Black carbon====
 +
 //(from fuel combustion only; no wear/abrasion included)//  //(from fuel combustion only; no wear/abrasion included)// 
  
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 Due to this fuel-specific fractions, the trend of BC emissions reflects the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel ("dieselisation").  Due to this fuel-specific fractions, the trend of BC emissions reflects the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel ("dieselisation"). 
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_pm.png?700 }}+{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:1a3bi_em_pm.png?700| Annual particulate matter emissions}}
  
-__Table: EURO norms and their effect on limit values of PM emissions from diesel passenger cars__+__Table 4: EURO norms and their effect on limit values of PM emissions from diesel passenger cars__
 ^ exhaust emission standard (EURO norm)        |  **Euro 1**  |  **Euro 2**               |  **Euro 3**  |  **Euro 4**  |  **Euro 5**  |  **Euro 6**  | ^ exhaust emission standard (EURO norm)        |  **Euro 1**  |  **Euro 2**               |  **Euro 3**  |  **Euro 4**  |  **Euro 5**  |  **Euro 6**  |
 | in force **for type approval** since:        |  1 Jul 1992  |  1 Jan 1996               |  1 Jan 2000  |  1 Jan 2005  |  1 Sep 2009  |  1 Sep 2014  | | in force **for type approval** since:        |  1 Jul 1992  |  1 Jan 1996               |  1 Jan 2000  |  1 Jan 2005  |  1 Sep 2009  |  1 Sep 2014  |
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 Here, **activity data** were revised within TREMOD.  Here, **activity data** were revised within TREMOD. 
  
-__Table 4: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoules__+__Table 5: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoules__
 |                                    ^  1990      ^  1995      ^  2000      ^  2005      ^  2010      ^  2011      ^  2012      ^  2013      ^  2014      ^  2015      ^  2016      ^  2017      ^  2018      ^  2019      ^ |                                    ^  1990      ^  1995      ^  2000      ^  2005      ^  2010      ^  2011      ^  2012      ^  2013      ^  2014      ^  2015      ^  2016      ^  2017      ^  2018      ^  2019      ^
 | **DIESEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                                             ||||||||||||||| | **DIESEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                                             |||||||||||||||
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 Due to the variety of tier3 **emission factors** applied, it is not possible to display any changes in these data sets in a comprehendible way. Due to the variety of tier3 **emission factors** applied, it is not possible to display any changes in these data sets in a comprehendible way.
  
-<WRAP center round info 60%> +<WRAP center round info 65%> 
-For more information on recalculated emission estimates reported for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general:recalculations:start| 8.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates reported for Base Year and 2019**, please see the recalculation tables following chapter [[general:recalculations:start| 8.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>