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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:international_maritime_navigation [2021/01/18 20:45] – kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:international_maritime_navigation [2022/03/22 12:08] (current) – [Recalculations] kotzulla
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 ===== Short description ===== ===== Short description =====
  
-Under NFR category **1.A.3.d i (i)**, emissions from international maritime navigation fuelling in and starting form German harbours are reported. +Under NFR category **1.A.3.d i (i)**, emissions from international maritime navigation fuelling in and starting form German harbours are reported.
  
- +^ Category Code   ^  Method                                                                  ||||^  AD                               ||||^  EF                                       ||||| 
-^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^  Key Category                                                                                                     ^ +| 1.A.3.d i (i)  |  T1, T2, T3                                                              |||||  NS, M                            |||||  CS, M                                 ||||| 
-|  T1, T2, T3  |  NS, M  |  CS, M  |  //not included in key category analysis//  |+^  Key Category  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>     ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  BC   ^  Pb   ^  Hg   ^  Cd   ^  Diox  ^  PAH  ^  HCB  ^  TSP  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ 
 +| 1.A.3.d i (i)  |  //not included in key category analysis//                                                                                                             |||||||||||||||
  
 {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}
  
 \\ \\
- 
-The source category includes international deep sea fishery and international marine transport.  
-Emissions from fuel consumption for international transports of ocean-going ships are not reported as part of total national inventories.  
  
 ===== Methodology ===== ===== Methodology =====
  
-===Activity data ===+==== Activity data ====
  
-Primary fuel delivery data (primary activity data, PAD) for //international maritime navigation// is included in line 6 - 'International Deep-Sea Bunkers' of the National Energy Balances (NEB) (AGEB, 2019) [((bibcite 1))] together with respective data for IMO-registered ships used in //national maritime transport// (see [[[1-a-3-d-ii-a-national-maritime-navigation | 1.A.3.d ii (a) ]]]), //fishing// (see [[[1-a-4-c-iii-fishing-mobile | 1.A.4.c iii ]]]) and //military navigation// (see [[[1-a-5-b-iii-emissions-from-military-navigation | 1.A.5.b iii ]]]).+Primary fuel delivery data (primary activity data, PAD) for //international maritime navigation// is included in line 6 - 'International Deep-Sea Bunkers' of the National Energy Balances (NEB) (AGEB, 2021) [(AGEB2021)] together with respective data for IMO-registered ships used in //national maritime transport// (see 1.A.3.d ii (a)), //fishing// (see NFR 1.A.4.c iii) and //military navigation// (see NFR 1.A.5.b iii).
  
 The AD applied for //international maritime navigation// therefore represents the remains of primary fuel delivery data from NEB line 6 minus the modelled consumption data estimated for non-IMO ships in //1.A.3.d ii (a)//, //1.A.4.c iii// and //1.A.5.b iii//: The AD applied for //international maritime navigation// therefore represents the remains of primary fuel delivery data from NEB line 6 minus the modelled consumption data estimated for non-IMO ships in //1.A.3.d ii (a)//, //1.A.4.c iii// and //1.A.5.b iii//:
  
-[[math]] +| <WRAP left round info 100%>  AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> = PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub>  - AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub>  </WRAP>  | with \\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d i</sub> - tier1 activity data for International maritime navigation\\   * PAD<sub>NEB line 6</sub> - primary over-all fuel deliveries data from NEB line 6 - 'International Maritime Bunkers'\\   * AD<sub>1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national maritime navigation\\   * AD<sub>1.A.4.c iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in national fishing\\   * AD<sub>1.A.5.b iii - IMO</sub> - tier3 activity data for IMO-registered ships involved in military navigation  |
-AD_\text{ 1.A.3.d i} = PAD_\text{ NEB line 6} - AD_\text{ 1.A.3.d ii (a) - IMO}  - AD_\text{ 1.A.4.c iii - IMO} - AD_\text{ 1.A.5.b iii - IMO}  +
-[[/math]]+
  
-__Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, in terajoules__ +As a result, activity data can fluctuate strongly from year to year. 
-|                   |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2006**  |  **2007**  |  **2008**  |  **2009**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  | **2019**  | +
-^ Diesel Oil        |     36,604 |     29,855 |     18,648 |     18,596 |     16,895 |     17,232 |     16,517 |     16,615 |     16,183 |     16,954 |     16,601 |     16,824 |     18,532 |     22,781 |     24,167 |     22,400 |     22,492 |           | +
-^ Heavy fuel oil    |     11,723 |      8,041 |      8,577 |      7,172 |      7,004 |      7,425 |      7,797 |      6,733 |      6,114 |      5,961 |      6,410 |      6,376 |      6,046 |       50,0 |       7,05 |       7,01 |        283 |           | +
-|                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ||||||||||||||||||| +
-| **Ʃ 1.A.3.d i**  ^     48,326 ^     37,896 ^     27,224 ^     26,036 ^     24,209 ^     25,131 ^     24,790 ^     24,077 ^     22,988 ^     23,673 ^     23,719 ^     23,846 ^     25,282 ^     23,528 ^     24,635 ^     22,927 ^     23,298 ^           ^+
  
-source: own estimates based on [((bibcite 2))]+However, this effect can be explained with the fact that large ocean-going ships do not need to bunker fuels on every single harbour but can go on for weeks without any additional fuel uptake. 
  
-[[gallery size="medium"]] +This can be further increased with increasing differences in fuel prices.  
-: 1A3di_AD.png + 
-[[/gallery]]+__Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, in terajoules__ 
 +|                  ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2006   ^  2007    ^  2008    ^  2009    ^  2010    ^  2011    ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016    ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^ 
 +^ Diesel Oil       |  13,162 |  13,096 |  13,709 |  11,820 |  15,629 |   12,954 |    8,075 |   14,095 |   16,417 |   15,020 |  12,181 |  11,875 |  13,801 |  33,958 |   32,832 |  27,463 |  21,473 |  20,231 |  13,896 | 
 +^ Heavy fuel oil   |  76,942 |  62,066 |  67,080 |  83,224 |  83,164 |  101,820 |  101,466 |   90,542 |   91,169 |   90,779 |  85,586 |  75,559 |  71,598 |  57,792 |   74,807 |  58,707 |  39,308 |  26,565 |  32,253 | 
 +| **Ʃ 1.A.3.d i**  ^  90,104 ^  75,162 ^  80,789 ^  95,044 ^  98,793 ^  114,774 ^  109,542 ^  104,637 ^  107,586 ^  105,799 ^  97,768 ^  87,434 ^  85,398 ^  91,750 ^  107,639 ^  86,169 ^  60,781 ^  46,796 ^  46,150 ^ 
 +source: own estimates based on underlying BSH model (Deichnik, K. (2021)) [(DEICHNIK2021)]
  
 Consumption of heavy oil has been increasing since 1984 as a result of high petroleum prices, global increases in transports and increasing maritime use of diesel engines that can run on heavy oil. The emissions fluctuations that occurred in the navigation sector in 1992 and 1996 were caused by trade and oil crises. Consumption of heavy oil has been increasing since 1984 as a result of high petroleum prices, global increases in transports and increasing maritime use of diesel engines that can run on heavy oil. The emissions fluctuations that occurred in the navigation sector in 1992 and 1996 were caused by trade and oil crises.
  
-=== Emission factors === +Furthermore, after 2014, with ever stricter legislation espacially regarding fuel sulphur content, an ongoing shift from heavy fuel oil to maritime diesel oil can be observed.
  
-For **main pollutants** and **particulate matter**, modelled emission factors are available from (Deichnik, K. (2019)) [((bibcite 2))]. +{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:1a3di_ad.png?700 }} 
 + 
 +==== Emission factors ====  
 + 
 +For **main pollutants** and **particulate matter**, modelled emission factors are available from (Deichnik, K. (2021)). 
  
 Here, for **sulphur dioxide** and **particulate matter**, annual values are available representing the impact of fuel sulphur legislation. Here, for **sulphur dioxide** and **particulate matter**, annual values are available representing the impact of fuel sulphur legislation.
-In addition, regarding SO,,x,,, the increasing operation of so-called scrubbers in order to fullfil emission limits especially within SECA areas is reflected for heavy fuel oil.+In addition, regarding SO<sub>2</sub>, the increasing operation of so-called scrubbers in order to fullfil emission limits especially within SECA areas is reflected for heavy fuel oil.
  
 __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__
-|                     |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  | **2019**  | +|                     ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2006  ^  2007  ^  2008  ^  2009  ^  2010  ^  2011  ^  2012  ^  2013  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^ 
-| **DIESEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                             ||||||||||||||| +| **DIESEL OIL**                                                                                                                      |||||||||||||||        |        |        |        |        | 
-^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 |   0.32 | 
-^ NMVOC               |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NMVOC               |   48.5 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   48.4 |   47.7 |   44.9 |   44.4 |   43.9 |   44.2 |   43.8 |   44.0 |   44.0 | 
-^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,101 |  1,119 |  1,126 |  1,155 |  1,184 |  1,183 |  1,189 |  1,200 |  1,199 |  1,169 | 
-^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |    466 |    419 |    233 |    186 |    186 |    186 |    140 |   69.8 |   69.8 |   65.2 |   54.8 |   52.9 |   51.1 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 | 
-^ BC<sup>1</sup>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ BC<sup>1</sup>      |    110 |   99.1 |   55.0 |   44.0 |   44.1 |   44.1 |   33.0 |   16.5 |   16.5 |   15.5 |   15.4 |   15.3 |   15.3 |   17.4 |   17.7 |   17.7 |   17.3 |   17.5 |   16.8 | 
-^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |    354 |    320 |    177 |    142 |    142 |    142 |    106 |   53,3 |   53,3 |   49,9 |   49,8 |   49,3 |   49,4 |   56,2 |   57,1 |   57,1 |   55,9 |   56,5 |   54,2 | 
-^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |    378 |    342 |    190 |    152 |    152 |    152 |    114 |   57,1 |   57,1 |   53,4 |   53,3 |   52,7 |   52,9 |   60,1 |   61,1 |   61,1 |   59,8 |   60,4 |   58,0 | 
-^ TSP<sup>2</sup>     |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ TSP<sup>2</sup>     |    378 |    342 |    190 |    152 |    152 |    152 |    114 |   57,1 |   57,1 |   53,4 |   53,3 |   52,7 |   52,9 |   60,1 |   61,1 |   61,1 |   59,8 |   60,4 |   58,0 | 
-| **HEAVY FUEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                         ||||||||||||||| +^ CO                  |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    128 |    129 |    128 |    128 |    130 |    140 |    142 |    141 |    139 |    140 |    138 | 
-^ CO                  |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +| **HEAVY FUEL OIL**                                                                                                                  |||||||||||||||        |        |        |        |        | 
-^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 | 
-^ NMVOC               |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NMVOC               |   43.0 |   42.8 |   42.9 |   42.9 |   42.8 |   42.8 |   42.9 |   42.8 |   42.8 |   42.7 |   42.8 |   41.6 |   42.3 |   26.1 |   30.2 |   33.7 |   32.5 |   32.7 |   37.4 | 
-^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,368 |  1,367 |  1,368 |  1,367 |  1,367 |  1,384 |  1,433 |  1,487 |  1,440 |  1,479 |  1,480 |  1,507 |  1,509 | 
-^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,319 |  1,332 |  1,323 |  1,336 |    744 |    742 |    742 |    744 |    496 |    496 |    496 |    495 |    506 |   48.6 |   49.2 |   48.1 |   45.9 |   46.5 |   48.1 | 
-^ BC<sup>1</sup>      |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ BC<sup>1</sup>      |   70.8 |   71.2 |   70.8 |   71.6 |   39.8 |   39.7 |   39.7 |   39.7 |   26.5 |   26.5 |   26.5 |   25.6 |   25.6 |   14.2 |   18.0 |   20.1 |   19.1 |   18.9 |   21.4 | 
-^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |    590 |    594 |    590 |    596 |    331 |    331 |    331 |    331 |    221 |    221 |    221 |    213 |    213 |    118 |    150 |    168 |    159 |    158 |    179 | 
-^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |    649 |    653 |    649 |    656 |    365 |    364 |    364 |    364 |    243 |    243 |    243 |    234 |    235 |    130 |    165 |    184 |    175 |    173 |    197 | 
-^ TSP<sup>2</sup>     |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ TSP<sup>2</sup>     |    649 |    653 |    649 |    656 |    365 |    364 |    364 |    364 |    243 |    243 |    243 |    234 |    235 |    130 |    165 |    184 |    175 |    173 |    197 | 
-^ CO                  |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |            |           | +^ CO                  |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    179 |    175 |    173 |    144 |    162 |    157 |    156 |    150 |    151 | 
-<sup>1</sup> estimated from f-BCs as provided in [((bibcite 2))]: f-BC (HFO) = 0.12, f-BC (MDO/MGO) = 0.31 as provided in [((bibcite 2))], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Tables 3-1 & 3-2 +<sup>1</sup> estimated from f-BCs as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)]: f-BC (HFO) = 0.12, f-BC (MDO/MGO) = 0.31 as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Tables 3-1 & 3-2 \\ 
-<sup>2</sup> ratios PM,,2.5,, : PM,,10,, : TSP derived from the tier1 default EF as provided in [((bibcite 2))], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Tables 3-1 & 3-2+<sup>2</sup> ratios PM<sub>2.5</sub> : PM<sub>10</sub> : TSP derived from the tier1 default EF as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Tables 3-1 & 3-2
  
-> **NOTE:** For the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, no clear indication is available, whether or not condensables are included. +<WRAP center round info 100%> 
 +For the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, no clear indication is available, whether or not condensables are included. 
 +</WRAP> 
  
-> For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to [[[ appendix2.3-HM-from-mobile-sources | Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources]]] and [[[ appendix2.4-POPs-from-mobile-sources | Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources ]]].+<WRAP center round info 100%> 
 +For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources and  Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources. 
 +</WRAP>
  
-+ __Trends of exhaust emissions from international navigation__ 
  
-> **NFR 1.A.3.d i** is **not considered in the key category analysis**.+===== Discussion of emission trends=====
  
-Emission trends for unregulated pollutants (such as **NH,,3,,**, **NO,,x,,**, **NMVOC** and **CO**, all **HM** and **POPs**) with only slight changes in the annual over-all IEFs applied, follow the trends in fuel consumption and the shares of diesel and heavy fuel oil:+**NFR 1.A.3.d i** is **not considered in the key category analysis**.
  
-[[gallery size="medium"]] +Basically, with no significant technical improvements with respect to mitigation technologies, trends in emissions depend more or less directly the amounts of fuels bunkered in German harbours and the contributions of diesel oil/light heating oil and heavy fuel oil to the over-all fuel input.
-: EM_1A3di_NH3.png +
-: EM_1A3di_Cd.png   +
-[[/gallery]]+
  
-On the other hand, the emission trends for **SO,,x,,** and **PM**, both depending on the fuel's sulphur content, follow not only the trends in fuel consumption but do also reflect fuel-sulphur legislation:+Here, as the amounts of fuels allocated to international maritime navigation represent the remains of annual over-all inland fuel deliveries minus fuel consumption in domestic shipping, activity data and, hence, emissions, fluctuate strongly from year to year (see also information on activity data as stated above).
  
-[[gallery size="medium"]] +Therefore, especially emission trends for unregulated pollutants (such as **NH<sub>3</sub>**, **NO<sub>x</sub>**, **NMVOC** and **CO**, all **HM** and **POPs**) with only slight changes in the annual over-all IEFs applied, follow the trends in fuel consumption and the shares of diesel and heavy fuel oil:
-: EM_1A3di_SO2.png  +
-: EM_1A3di_PM.png  +
-[[/gallery]]+
  
 +{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:em_1a3di_nox.png?700 }}
 +
 +In contrast, emission trends for **SO<sub>x</sub>** and **PM**, both depending on the fuel's sulphur content, follow not only the trends in fuel consumption but do also reflect fuel-sulphur legislation:
 +
 +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:1a3di_em_so2.png?700| Annual sulphur oxides emissions }}
 +{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:em_1a3di_pm.png?700| Annual particulate matter emissions }}
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
  
-Resulting from changes in the fuel consumption data computed within [((bibcite 2))] for //domestic// maritime navigation, the **activity data** for 2017  for //international// maritime navigation have been reviesed.+Resulting from changes in the fuel consumption data computed within [(DEICHNIK2021)] for //domestic// maritime navigation, the **activity data** for //international// maritime navigation have been revised for the entire timeseries.
  
-__Table 3: Revised fuel consumption data 2017, in terajoules__ +__Table 3: Revised annual fuel consumption data, in terajoules__ 
-||= ||= **Diesel oil** ||= **Heavy fuel oil** ||= **over-all consumption** ||= +|                                ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2006   ^  2007    ^  2008    ^  2009    ^  2010    ^  2011    ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016    ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^ 
-||~ Submission 2020 ||> 22,924 ||> 58,781 ||> 81,828 ||> +| **DIESEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
-||~ Submission 2019 ||> 23,165 ||> 58,781 ||> 82,069 ||> +^ current submission             |  13,162 |  13,096 |  13,709 |  11,820 |  15,629 |   12,954 |    8,075 |   14,095 |   16,417 |   15,020 |  12,181 |  11,875 |  13,801 |  33,958 |   32,832 |  27,463 |  21,473 |  20,231 | 
-||~ absolute change ||> -241  ||> 0.00  ||> -241  ||> +^ previous submission            |  12,748 |  12,919 |  13,664 |  11,993 |  15,817 |   17,524 |   13,105 |   14,412 |   16,662 |   15,370 |  12,594 |  12,414 |  13,674 |  33,088 |   28,093 |  22,924 |  15,213 |  18,327 | 
-||~ relative change ||> -1.04% ||> 0.00% ||> -0.29% ||>+^ absolute change                |     413 |     176 |    44.9 |    -173 |    -188 |   -4,570 |   -5,030 |     -317 |     -246 |     -350 |    -412 |    -539 |     126 |     870 |    4,738 |   4,538 |   6,260 |   1,904 | 
 +^ relative change                |   3.24% |   1.36% |   0.33% |  -1.44% |  -1.19% |   -26.1% |   -38.4% |   -2.20% |   -1.48% |   -2.28% |  -3.27% |  -4.35% |   0.92% |   2.63% |    16.9% |   19.8% |   41.1% |   10.4% | 
 +| **HEAVY FUEL OIL**                                                                                                                                                                                     ||||||||||||||||||| 
 +^ current submission             |  76,942 |  62,066 |  67,080 |  83,224 |  83,164 |  101,820 |  101,466 |   90,542 |   91,169 |   90,779 |  85,586 |  75,559 |  71,598 |  57,792 |   74,807 |  58,707 |  39,308 |  26,565 | 
 +^ previous submission            |  68,484 |  56,323 |  60,984 |  78,182 |  78,257 |   96,625 |   96,017 |   85,865 |   86,934 |   86,687 |  81,171 |  71,364 |  67,670 |  57,850 |   74,837 |  58,781 |  39,380 |  26,601 | 
 +^ absolute change                |   8,458 |   5,743 |   6,096 |   5,042 |   4,907 |    5,195 |    5,449 |    4,678 |    4,236 |    4,092 |   4,415 |   4,195 |   3,928 |   -57.9 |    -30.0 |   -74.1 |   -71.7 |   -35.9 | 
 +^ relative change                |   12.4% |   10.2% |   10.0% |   6.45% |   6.27% |    5.38% |    5.68% |    5.45% |    4.87% |    4.72% |   5.44% |   5.88% |   5.80% |  -0.10% |   -0.04% |  -0.13% |  -0.18% |  -0.14% | 
 +| **OVER-ALL FUEL CONSUMPTION**                                                                                                                                                                          ||||||||||||||||||| 
 +^ current submission             |  90,239 |  75,275 |  80,910 |  95,187 |  98,941 |  114,946 |  109,706 |  104,794 |  107,747 |  105,958 |  97,914 |  87,565 |  85,527 |  91,888 |  107,800 |  86,299 |  60,872 |  46,866 | 
 +^ previous submission            |  81,354 |  69,346 |  74,760 |  90,310 |  94,215 |  114,320 |  109,286 |  100,428 |  103,751 |  102,210 |  93,905 |  83,904 |  81,466 |  91,075 |  103,085 |  81,828 |  54,674 |  44,995 | 
 +^ absolute change                |   8,885 |   5,929 |   6,150 |   4,877 |   4,726 |      626 |      420 |    4,367 |    3,996 |    3,748 |   4,009 |   3,661 |   4,060 |     813 |    4,715 |   4,471 |   6,197 |   1,871 | 
 +^ relative change                |   10.9% |   8.55% |   8.23% |   5.40% |   5.02% |    0.55% |    0.38% |    4.35% |    3.85% |    3.67% |   4.27% |   4.36% |   4.98% |   0.89% |    4.57% |   5.46% |   11.3% |   4.16% | 
 +<sup>1</sup> as provided in AGEB(2021) [(AGEB2021)], line 6: "Hochseebunkerungen": including light heating oil 
  
 +In addition, all country-specific **emission factors have been revised** compared to last year's submission but cannot be displayed here.
  
-In contrast, all country-specific and default **emission factors applied remain unrevised** compared to last year's submission. 
  
-<WRAP center round info 60%> +<WRAP center round info 65%> 
-For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general:recalculations:start | 8.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
 ===== Uncertainties ===== ===== Uncertainties =====
  
-Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: "Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland" by Knörr et al. (2009) [((bibcite 5))].+Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: "Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland" by Knörr et al. (2009) [(KNOERR2009)].
  
 ===== Planned improvements =====  ===== Planned improvements ===== 
Line 125: Line 140:
 ===== FAQs ===== ===== FAQs =====
  
------- +[(AGEB2021> AGEB, 2021: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; URL: http://www.ag-energiebilanzen.de/7-0-Bilanzen-1990-2019.html, Köln & Berlin, 2021.)] 
- +[(DEICHNIK2021> Deichnik, K. (2021): Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH); Hamburg, 2021.)] 
-[[bibliography]] +[(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA (2019): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019; Copenhagen, 2019.)] 
-: 1 : AGEB, 2019: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; URL: http://www.ag-energiebilanzen.de/7-0-Bilanzen-1990-2017.html, Köln & Berlin, 2019. +[(KNOERR2009> Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; final report; URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/461/publikationen/3937.pdf, FKZ 360 16 023, Heidelberg & Zürich, 2009.)]
-: 2 : Deichnik, K. (2019): Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH); Hamburg, 2019. +
-: 3 : EMEP/EEA (2019): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019; Copenhagen, 2019. +
-: 4 : Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008; URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer +
-: 5 : Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; final report; URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/461/publikationen/3937.pdf, FKZ 360 16 023, Heidelberg & Zürich, 2009. +
-[[/bibliography]]+